diff --git a/src/coins.cpp b/src/coins.cpp
index 96b336ce77d..660181b0c44 100644
--- a/src/coins.cpp
+++ b/src/coins.cpp
@@ -117,11 +117,17 @@ CCoinsModifier CCoinsViewCache::ModifyCoins(const uint256 &txid) {
     return CCoinsModifier(*this, ret.first, cachedCoinUsage);
 }
 
-CCoinsModifier CCoinsViewCache::ModifyNewCoins(const uint256 &txid) {
+// ModifyNewCoins has to know whether the new outputs its creating are for a
+// coinbase or not.  If they are for a coinbase, it can not mark them as fresh.
+// This is to ensure that the historical duplicate coinbases before BIP30 was
+// in effect will still be properly overwritten when spent.
+CCoinsModifier CCoinsViewCache::ModifyNewCoins(const uint256 &txid, bool coinbase) {
     assert(!hasModifier);
     std::pair<CCoinsMap::iterator, bool> ret = cacheCoins.insert(std::make_pair(txid, CCoinsCacheEntry()));
     ret.first->second.coins.Clear();
-    ret.first->second.flags = CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH;
+    if (!coinbase) {
+        ret.first->second.flags = CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH;
+    }
     ret.first->second.flags |= CCoinsCacheEntry::DIRTY;
     return CCoinsModifier(*this, ret.first, 0);
 }
@@ -160,18 +166,23 @@ bool CCoinsViewCache::BatchWrite(CCoinsMap &mapCoins, const uint256 &hashBlockIn
         if (it->second.flags & CCoinsCacheEntry::DIRTY) { // Ignore non-dirty entries (optimization).
             CCoinsMap::iterator itUs = cacheCoins.find(it->first);
             if (itUs == cacheCoins.end()) {
-                if (!it->second.coins.IsPruned()) {
-                    // The parent cache does not have an entry, while the child
-                    // cache does have (a non-pruned) one. Move the data up, and
-                    // mark it as fresh (if the grandparent did have it, we
-                    // would have pulled it in at first GetCoins).
-                    assert(it->second.flags & CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH);
+                // The parent cache does not have an entry, while the child does
+                // We can ignore it if it's both FRESH and pruned in the child
+                if (!(it->second.flags & CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH && it->second.coins.IsPruned())) {
+                    // Otherwise we will need to create it in the parent
+                    // and move the data up and mark it as dirty
                     CCoinsCacheEntry& entry = cacheCoins[it->first];
                     entry.coins.swap(it->second.coins);
                     cachedCoinsUsage += entry.coins.DynamicMemoryUsage();
-                    entry.flags = CCoinsCacheEntry::DIRTY | CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH;
+                    entry.flags = CCoinsCacheEntry::DIRTY;
+                    // We can mark it FRESH in the parent if it was FRESH in the child
+                    // Otherwise it might have just been flushed from the parent's cache
+                    // and already exist in the grandparent
+                    if (it->second.flags & CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH)
+                        entry.flags |= CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH;
                 }
             } else {
+                // Found the entry in the parent cache
                 if ((itUs->second.flags & CCoinsCacheEntry::FRESH) && it->second.coins.IsPruned()) {
                     // The grandparent does not have an entry, and the child is
                     // modified and being pruned. This means we can just delete
diff --git a/src/coins.h b/src/coins.h
index 3b45cb0a34d..77b4d564826 100644
--- a/src/coins.h
+++ b/src/coins.h
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ class CCoinsViewCache : public CCoinsViewBacked
      * would not properly overwrite the first coinbase of the pair. Simultaneous modifications
      * are not allowed.
      */
-    CCoinsModifier ModifyNewCoins(const uint256 &txid);
+    CCoinsModifier ModifyNewCoins(const uint256 &txid, bool coinbase);
 
     /**
      * Push the modifications applied to this cache to its base.
diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index 8fb121c00db..3c9c77ef677 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -1310,17 +1310,9 @@ void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, CCoinsViewCach
                 undo.nVersion = coins->nVersion;
             }
         }
-        // add outputs
-        inputs.ModifyNewCoins(tx.GetHash())->FromTx(tx, nHeight);
-    }
-    else {
-        // add outputs for coinbase tx
-        // In this case call the full ModifyCoins which will do a database
-        // lookup to be sure the coins do not already exist otherwise we do not
-        // know whether to mark them fresh or not.  We want the duplicate coinbases
-        // before BIP30 to still be properly overwritten.
-        inputs.ModifyCoins(tx.GetHash())->FromTx(tx, nHeight);
     }
+    // add outputs
+    inputs.ModifyNewCoins(tx.GetHash(), tx.IsCoinBase())->FromTx(tx, nHeight);
 }
 
 void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, CCoinsViewCache &inputs, int nHeight)
diff --git a/src/test/coins_tests.cpp b/src/test/coins_tests.cpp
index 946f904dfa6..9489a19f630 100644
--- a/src/test/coins_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/coins_tests.cpp
@@ -165,13 +165,22 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(coins_cache_simulation_test)
         }
 
         if (insecure_rand() % 100 == 0) {
+            // Every 100 iterations, flush an intermediate cache
+            if (stack.size() > 1 && insecure_rand() % 2 == 0) {
+                unsigned int flushIndex = insecure_rand() % (stack.size() - 1);
+                stack[flushIndex]->Flush();
+            }
+        }
+        if (insecure_rand() % 100 == 0) {
             // Every 100 iterations, change the cache stack.
             if (stack.size() > 0 && insecure_rand() % 2 == 0) {
+                //Remove the top cache
                 stack.back()->Flush();
                 delete stack.back();
                 stack.pop_back();
             }
             if (stack.size() == 0 || (stack.size() < 4 && insecure_rand() % 2)) {
+                //Add a new cache
                 CCoinsView* tip = &base;
                 if (stack.size() > 0) {
                     tip = stack.back();
@@ -305,6 +314,13 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(updatecoins_simulation_test)
         }
 
         if (insecure_rand() % 100 == 0) {
+            // Every 100 iterations, flush an intermediate cache
+            if (stack.size() > 1 && insecure_rand() % 2 == 0) {
+                unsigned int flushIndex = insecure_rand() % (stack.size() - 1);
+                stack[flushIndex]->Flush();
+            }
+        }
+        if (insecure_rand() % 100 == 0) {
             // Every 100 iterations, change the cache stack.
             if (stack.size() > 0 && insecure_rand() % 2 == 0) {
                 stack.back()->Flush();