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0000000..94ea372 --- /dev/null +++ b/hugo-site/content/docs/virtualbox-create-vm.md @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ ++++ +title = "Installing: Creating a VirtualBox Virtual Machine" +MenuTitle = "VirtualBox VMs" +Description = "Simple instructions to create and configure a virtual machine for Project Trident." +chapter = false +weight = 2 +pre = " " ++++ + +## Virtualization + +A virtualized environment allows users to test drive an operating system without overwriting the current operating system. +This is an excellent way to test drive an operating system, determine hardware support, or try multiple operating system versions. +Virtualization software creates a Virtual Machine (VM), a software-created computer environment that can install and run an operating system. +The only limitation to virtualization is the system hardware. +The virtual environment operating system can run slowly if the host computer has limited amounts CPU and RAM. +Closing other non-essential applications on the host computer can free more CPU and RAM for the virtual machine. + +### Quickstart + +Trident Guest Virtual Machine (VM) Recommendations: + +- **Operating System**: *BSD* +- **Version**: *FreeBSD (64-bit)* +- **CPUs**: *1+* +- **Memory**: *2048 MB* minimum, *4096 MB* recommended +- **Disk Space**: *15 GB* minimum, *20 GB+* recommended + +### VirtualBox + +VirtualBox is a popular virtualization software available for Project Trident. +Installing VirtualBox through the AppCafe or typing `sudo pkg install virtualbox-ose` on the command line installs all required dependencies. +Installing the *virtualbox-ose-additions* package (also known as VirtualBox Guest Additions) can greatly improve the performance of Project Trident or other guest operating systems. +The guest additions add mouse pointer integration, shared folders between the host and guest (depending on the guest OS), improved video support, and a shared clipboard. + +VirtualBox does not currently support the shared folders feature with a Project Trident guest. +To share files between the host and a Project Trident guest, use an NFS share. + +Please see the [VirtualBox website](https://www.virtualbox.org/) for additional information. +The [VirtualBox Guest Additions](http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html) page has support information and usage instructions. + +Using VirtualBox on a Project Trident host requires opening **Control Panel > Users > Groups**, adding user accounts to the **vboxusers** group, and logging out and in again. + +### Creating a Virtual Machine for a Project Trident Install + +This section describes how to prepare VirtualBox for an installation of Project Trident using an *.iso* file. + +Install VirtualBox on the host system, download a Project Trident ISO from [the website](https://www.Trident.org/downloads/), and create a new virtual machine to install Project Trident as a guest OS. +Configure the virtual machine (VM) for a Project Trident guest: + +- Assign memory to the VM: 4 GB is recommended, but the system can run slowly with 2 GB. +- Create a 30-50 GB virtual disk for the guest operating system and any downloaded software. + Adjust the virtual disk size as necessary to match the intended use for the operating system, but the virtual disk should not be less than 15 GB. +- Open the settings for the VM after it is created and set the network adapter to be *bridged*. + This will allow the guest operating system to connect to the Internet through the host system. + +Start VirtualBox to begin creating the VM. + +![VirtualBox Menu](images/virtualbox-welcome.png) + +Click *New* to start the new virtual machine wizard. + +![Create Virtual Machine - Name, Type, and Version](images/virtualbox-name-os.png) + +Enter a descriptive name for the virtual machine. +Open the **Operating System** drop-down menu and select *BSD*. +In the **Version** drop-down menu, select *FreeBSD (64 bit)*. +Click *Next*. + +![Virtual Machine Reserved Memory](images/vitualbox-memory-size.png) + +The base memory size must be changed to **at least 2048 MB.** +Assigning more RAM improves the guest operating system performance. +Any number within the green area is considered a "safe" value by VirtualBox and should not impact the host computer performance. +When finished, click *Next*. + +![Virtual Hard Drive - New or Existing](images/virtualbox-virtual-hard-disk-new-existing.png) + +This section is for allocating host computer disk space to the guest operating system or creating a virtual hard drive. +Using the default choices is generally recommended. +Click *Create* to configure the virtual hard disk. +An existing virtual disk can be reused by selecting *Use an existing virtual hard drive file* from the drop-down menu. +Create as many virtual drives as desired. +Consider reusing existing virtual hard drives to save space on the physical hard drive. + +![Hard Drive Type](images/virtualbox-virtual-hard-disk-type.png) + +Select *VDI* and click *Next*. + +![Storage Type](images/virtualbox-virtual-hard-disk-storage.png) + +Choose whether to have *Dynamically allocated* or *Fixed size* storage. +*Dynamically allocated* uses disk space as needed until it reaches a specified maximum size. +The *Fixed size* option reserved physical space from the physical hard disk, regardless if the virtual machine uses the space. +Choose *Dynamically allocated* when physical disk space is a concern. +Choose *Fixed size* when space is not a concern, as it allows the virtual machine to run slightly faster. +Click *Next*. + +![Virtual Disk - File Name and Size](images/virtualbox-virtual-hard-disk-location-size.png) + +Set the virtual disk size or upper limit. +When installing Project Trident as the virtual machine guest OS, set the size to at least **20 GB**. +Set the size to a minimum **50 GB** when planning to use the virtual machine more extensively. +Whatever size is set, be sure the computer has enough free disk space to accommodate the virtual disk size. +Use the folder icon to choose a directory with sufficient space to hold the virtual disk. + +Click *Create* to finish the process and return to the main screen. + +![New Virtual Machine "Project Trident VM"](images/virtualbox-dashboard-trident-vm.png) + +Configure a bridged network to enable internet access for the virtual machine. +Right-click the virtual machine and go to Settings --\> Network. +Open the **Attached to** drop-down menu and select *Bridged Adapter*. +The interface **Name** is automatically detected or can be chosen from the drop-down menu. + +![VirtualBox Bridged Adapter Example Configuration](images/virtualbox-bridged-adapter.png) + +Now configure the VM to use the ISO installation media previously downloaded. +Click the **Storage** tab in the VM **Settings** menu. +Look for the *Empty* optical drive entry in the **Storage Devices** menu and highlight it. +In the **Attributes** panel, confirm the **Optical Drive** drop-down menu is set to *IDE Secondary Master*, click the **Disk** icon and select *Choose Virtual Optical Disk File...*. + +![Virtual Machine Add ISO](images/virtualbox-add-iso.png) + +Browse to the ISO location and select it. +The ISO name is added to the **Storage Devices** window. +Click **OK** to return to the VirtualBox dashboard. + +Project Trident is now ready to be installed into the virtual machine as a guest OS. +Highlight the virtual machine and click **Start**. +A new window opens and shows the startup process. +Wait for the VM to boot from the ISO and continue to install Project Trident. + +> **Note:** +> +> If the installer GUI doesn't appear to load after configuring the virtual machine, try enabling **EFI**. +> Go to Settings --\> System --\> Motherboard and set **Enable EFI (special OSes only)**